(Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Forward: It is funny how God keeps telling us that we are DUMB to Hos creation: In Job: Job 26:7, which says, "He spreads out the northern skies over empty space, he suspends the earth over nothing." Job 38:31-32 "Canst thou bind the sweet influences of Pleiades, or loose the bands of Orion? Canst thou bring forth Mazzaroth in his season? Or canst thou guide Arcturus with his sons?" God is saying, “Hey Job, you think you can keep Pleiades together? Well, I can!”
A team led by Scott Engle of Villanova University in Pennsylvania recalibrated historic measure ments of Polaris by Ptolemy in 137 C.E., the Persian astronomer Al-Sufi in 964 C.E., and others.
They investigated the fluctuations of the star over the course of several years, combing through historical records and utilising the Hubble Space Telescope.
The team found that Polaris is 2.5 times brighter today than in Ptolemy's time, which they say is a remarkable rate of change.
'If they are real, these changes are 100 times larger than predicted by current theories of stellar evolution,' says Villanova astronomer Edward Guinan.
The team's data also hint that the star's cyclic 4-day variation in brightness, although still weak, is once again growing more robust–but no one knows what's driving these flutterings or how long they will last.
Engle and his team began to research the star around the beginning of 2000, when they found that the dropping brightness was on the rise again.
+3Pinpointing Polaris: Researchers say it is getting brighter far more quickly than they expected after reversing its dimming
'It was unexpected to find,' Engle told SPACE.com.'It started increasing rather rapidly.'
'Polaris is arguably the best-known star in the Northern Hemisphere, since it lies within a degree of the North Celestial Pole,' the researchers wrote.
'For much of human history, Polaris was highly regarded for its unchanging nature.
'However, we now know that Polaris is a Cepheid variable, undergoing ultra-low-amplitude pulsations.
'Thirty years ago, a paper in the Astrophysical Journal by A. Arellano Ferro announced that the amplitude of these pulsations was diminishing.
'This behavior was confirmed, and it was believed that soon enough Polaris would no longer be a Cepheid variable.
+3Star Trails above Beccles, with Polaris in the centre
'We started photometrically monitoring Polaris in 1999 and discovered that the amplitude of pulsations had reached a minimum and was now, in fact, growing again.
'It was while gathering historic photometry for the amplitude study that we noticed the published magnitudes of Polaris were systematically fainter, the further back in time the data went.
'This is an entirely unexpected behavior for a Cepheid variable, and one that we wanted to investigate further.
Engle presented the results of his research in a poster session at the American Astronomical Society meeting in Washington.
THE NORTH STAR
Polaris, also known as the North Star, Northern Star or Pole Star, is the brightest star in the constellation Ursa Minor.
Historically it has been used to guide travellers, and is very close to the north celestial pole, making it the current northern pole star.
Recent papers calculate the distance to Polaris at about 434 light-years, although some suggest it may be 30% closer which.